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ingenii facultas

  • 1 facultas

    facultās, ātis, f. (v. alten facul, w. s.), die Tunlichkeit, I) subjektiv = das jmdm. inwohnende Vermögen, die Kraft, etwas zu vollbringen, A) körperliche: di date facultatem huic pariendi, Ter. Andr. 232. – B) geistige Kraft, Geschicklichkeit, Befähigung, Anlage, Talent zu etwas, 1) im allg.: facultas dicendi et copia, Rednergabe und Rednerfülle, Cic.: copia facultasque dicendi, Cic.: modicae in dicendo facultatis, Suet. – m. subj, Genet., ingenii, Befähigung des Geistes, Cic.: ingenii facultates, geistige Anlagen, Nep. – tibi superûm data facultas m. folg. Infin., Val. Flacc. 3, 16. – 2) insbes., die Anlage zum Redner, die Rednergabe, die Beredsamkeit (s. Schäfer Plin. ep. 1, 20, 18; Salmasius Spart. Hadr. 20), facultatis timor, Cic.: f. summa, Plin. ep.: f. extemporalis, Gabe, aus dem Stegreife zu reden, Sen. rhet. u. Suet.: fuit memoriae ingentis, facultatis immensae, Spart. – II) objektiv = die von außen gebotene Tunlichkeit, Möglichkeit, Gelegenheit, A) eig.: a) etwas zu tun, Miloni manendi nulla f., Milo konnte nicht bleiben, Cic.: dare alci facultatem irridendi sui, Cic.: ne perorandi quidem alci dare facultatem, Nep.: dare alci facultatem ad dicendum, Cic.: facere alci facultatem iudicandi, Cic.: habere efficiendi facultatem, Cic.: si quid res dabit tibi facultatis, wenn dir irgend ein Ereignis etwas an die Hand gibt, Cic.: si res facultatem habitura sit, wenn sich die Sache tun lassen sollte, Cic.: quod f. tulit, soweit es möglich war, Cic.: res mihi videtur esse facultate (in der Praxis) praeclara, arte (in der Theorie) mediocris, Cic. – cuius materiei si esset facultas apportationibus ad urbem, könnte man es immer leicht nach Rom schaffen, Vitr. 2, 9, 16. – alci facultatem dare, offerre, concedere u. dgl. mit folg. ut u. Konj., Cic.: so auch est in alqo facultas, ut etc., Cic. – habere facultatem m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Auct. b. Afr. 78, 4. – poet. est (erat) facultas mit folg. Infin., est nobis saevire f., Stat. Theb. 4, 513; u. so ibid. 12, 36. – pro facultate (nach Maßgabe) patrimonii, Paul. dig. 26, 7, 12. – d) etwas zu empfangen, zu haben, sumptuum, Cic.: nummorum, Geld zu haben, Cic.: hominis praesentis, Planc. in Cic. ep.: cuius generis erat in senatu facultas maxima, von welcher Art man Männer genug im Senate haben konnte, Cic. – c) etwas zu bestreiten, die Mittel zu usw. = die Kosten, f. belli, Cic. – B) meton.: 1) die vorhandenen Mittel an usw., der Vorrat von usw., omnium rerum in oppido summa f., Caes.: habere facultatem navium, Caes. – 2) insbes., wie unser »die Mittel« = das zeitliche Vermögen, die Vermögensumstände, gew. im Plur., Cic. u.a. – /Genet. Plur. auch facultatium, Paul. dig. 32, 78. § 1.

    lateinisch-deutsches > facultas

  • 2 facultas

    facultās, ātis, f. (v. alten facul, w. s.), die Tunlichkeit, I) subjektiv = das jmdm. inwohnende Vermögen, die Kraft, etwas zu vollbringen, A) körperliche: di date facultatem huic pariendi, Ter. Andr. 232. – B) geistige Kraft, Geschicklichkeit, Befähigung, Anlage, Talent zu etwas, 1) im allg.: facultas dicendi et copia, Rednergabe und Rednerfülle, Cic.: copia facultasque dicendi, Cic.: modicae in dicendo facultatis, Suet. – m. subj, Genet., ingenii, Befähigung des Geistes, Cic.: ingenii facultates, geistige Anlagen, Nep. – tibi superûm data facultas m. folg. Infin., Val. Flacc. 3, 16. – 2) insbes., die Anlage zum Redner, die Rednergabe, die Beredsamkeit (s. Schäfer Plin. ep. 1, 20, 18; Salmasius Spart. Hadr. 20), facultatis timor, Cic.: f. summa, Plin. ep.: f. extemporalis, Gabe, aus dem Stegreife zu reden, Sen. rhet. u. Suet.: fuit memoriae ingentis, facultatis immensae, Spart. – II) objektiv = die von außen gebotene Tunlichkeit, Möglichkeit, Gelegenheit, A) eig.: a) etwas zu tun, Miloni manendi nulla f., Milo konnte nicht bleiben, Cic.: dare alci facultatem irridendi sui, Cic.: ne perorandi quidem alci dare facultatem, Nep.: dare alci facultatem ad dicendum, Cic.: facere alci facultatem iudicandi, Cic.: habere efficiendi facultatem, Cic.: si quid res dabit tibi facultatis, wenn dir irgend ein Ereignis etwas an die Hand gibt, Cic.: si res facultatem habi-
    ————
    tura sit, wenn sich die Sache tun lassen sollte, Cic.: quod f. tulit, soweit es möglich war, Cic.: res mihi videtur esse facultate (in der Praxis) praeclara, arte (in der Theorie) mediocris, Cic. – cuius materiei si esset facultas apportationibus ad urbem, könnte man es immer leicht nach Rom schaffen, Vitr. 2, 9, 16. – alci facultatem dare, offerre, concedere u. dgl. mit folg. ut u. Konj., Cic.: so auch est in alqo facultas, ut etc., Cic. – habere facultatem m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Auct. b. Afr. 78, 4. – poet. est (erat) facultas mit folg. Infin., est nobis saevire f., Stat. Theb. 4, 513; u. so ibid. 12, 36. – pro facultate (nach Maßgabe) patrimonii, Paul. dig. 26, 7, 12. – d) etwas zu empfangen, zu haben, sumptuum, Cic.: nummorum, Geld zu haben, Cic.: hominis praesentis, Planc. in Cic. ep.: cuius generis erat in senatu facultas maxima, von welcher Art man Männer genug im Senate haben konnte, Cic. – c) etwas zu bestreiten, die Mittel zu usw. = die Kosten, f. belli, Cic. – B) meton.: 1) die vorhandenen Mittel an usw., der Vorrat von usw., omnium rerum in oppido summa f., Caes.: habere facultatem navium, Caes. – 2) insbes., wie unser »die Mittel« = das zeitliche Vermögen, die Vermögensumstände, gew. im Plur., Cic. u.a. – ⇒Genet. Plur. auch facultatium, Paul. dig. 32, 78. § 1.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > facultas

  • 3 facultas

    facultās, ātis, f. [facio] [st1]1 [-] possibilité (de faire), faculté, moyen, pouvoir, ressource, occasion, autorisation, permission.    - facultas et ars, Cic.: la pratique et la théorie.    - si facultas erit, Cic.: s'il est possible.    - si mihi facultas tui praesentis esset, Cic.: si je pouvais t'avoir auprès de moi.    - laedendi facultatem arripere, Cic.: saisir l'occasion de nuire.    - facultatem judicandi facere, Cic.: donner la possibilité de juger.    - dare alicui facultatem ad dicendum: donner à qqn l'autorisation de parler.    - facultatem sibi colligendi relinquere hostibus: laisser à l'ennemi le temps de se rallier.    - hostes ex muro ac turibus submoventur: non datur libera muri defendendi facultas, Caes. BC. 2: les ennemis sont écartés de leur muraille et de leurs tours; on ne leur laisse pas une franche occasion de défendre cette muraille.    - propterea quod reliquis tamen fugae facultas daretur, Caes. BG. 1: parce que les autres peuples avaient malgré tout la ressource de fuir.    - frumentandi (frumenti) rationem habere, Caes. BG. 7: pourvoir au ravitaillement. [st1]2 [-] force, propriété, vertu (d'une plante); talent, art, aptitude, capacité, habileté, science, savoir-faire.    - facultates (eloquendi, dicendi): le talent oratoire, l'éloquence.    - facultates medicamentorum, Cels. 5: la vertu des médicaments.    - ut par sis in utriusque orationis facultate, Cic.: afin d'acquérir dans les deux langues la même facilité.    - facultates herbarum, Cels.: les propriétés des plantes. [st1]3 [-] abondance, quantité.    - summa erat in oppido facultas rerum: la ville avait tout en abondance.    - habere facultatem navium, Caes.: avoir un grand nombre de navires. [st1]4 [-] moyens, ressources; souvent au plur. biens, richesses, fortune, patrimoine.    - pro facultate quisque, Suet. Aug. 29: chacun selon ses moyens.    - tantae videbantur Italiae facultates ut...: les ressources de l'Italie paraissaient si grandes que...
    * * *
    facultās, ātis, f. [facio] [st1]1 [-] possibilité (de faire), faculté, moyen, pouvoir, ressource, occasion, autorisation, permission.    - facultas et ars, Cic.: la pratique et la théorie.    - si facultas erit, Cic.: s'il est possible.    - si mihi facultas tui praesentis esset, Cic.: si je pouvais t'avoir auprès de moi.    - laedendi facultatem arripere, Cic.: saisir l'occasion de nuire.    - facultatem judicandi facere, Cic.: donner la possibilité de juger.    - dare alicui facultatem ad dicendum: donner à qqn l'autorisation de parler.    - facultatem sibi colligendi relinquere hostibus: laisser à l'ennemi le temps de se rallier.    - hostes ex muro ac turibus submoventur: non datur libera muri defendendi facultas, Caes. BC. 2: les ennemis sont écartés de leur muraille et de leurs tours; on ne leur laisse pas une franche occasion de défendre cette muraille.    - propterea quod reliquis tamen fugae facultas daretur, Caes. BG. 1: parce que les autres peuples avaient malgré tout la ressource de fuir.    - frumentandi (frumenti) rationem habere, Caes. BG. 7: pourvoir au ravitaillement. [st1]2 [-] force, propriété, vertu (d'une plante); talent, art, aptitude, capacité, habileté, science, savoir-faire.    - facultates (eloquendi, dicendi): le talent oratoire, l'éloquence.    - facultates medicamentorum, Cels. 5: la vertu des médicaments.    - ut par sis in utriusque orationis facultate, Cic.: afin d'acquérir dans les deux langues la même facilité.    - facultates herbarum, Cels.: les propriétés des plantes. [st1]3 [-] abondance, quantité.    - summa erat in oppido facultas rerum: la ville avait tout en abondance.    - habere facultatem navium, Caes.: avoir un grand nombre de navires. [st1]4 [-] moyens, ressources; souvent au plur. biens, richesses, fortune, patrimoine.    - pro facultate quisque, Suet. Aug. 29: chacun selon ses moyens.    - tantae videbantur Italiae facultates ut...: les ressources de l'Italie paraissaient si grandes que...
    * * *
        Facultas, facultatis. Terent. Cic. Povoir et puissance de faire aucune chose, Aisance, Faculté.
    \
        Vindictae nulla facultas. Ouid. Je n'ay aucune puissance ne moyen de me venger.
    \
        Facultatem dare eligendi. Plin. iunior. Cic. Donner le chois.
    \
        Dare facultatem omnibus sui irridendi. Cic. Donner occasion d'estre mocqué de touts.
    \
        Praetermittere facultatem alicuius rei. Cic. Omettre et laisser l'opportunité.
    \
        Si facultas erit. Cic. Si j'ay le loisir et l'opportunité, Si je puis.
    \
        Praesentis tui facultas. Plancus Ciceroni. La puissance de recouvrer ta presence, ou d'estre avec toy.
    \
        Prona facultas. Claud. Facilité.
    \
        Facultas ingenii. Cic. Une bonté d'esprit.
    \
        Facultas orationis. Cic. Aisance de langage, Povoir de dire ce qu'on veult, Faculté de bien dire.
    \
        Facultatem in dicendo habere. Plin. iunior. Avoir le langage à main.
    \
        Vtinam esset facultatis meae. Cic. Que je le peusse faire, Qu'il fust en ma puissance de le faire.
    \
        Facultas pro copia. Cic. Abondance.
    \
        - facultas operae Vbi mihi erit, ad te venero. Plaut. Quand j'auray le loisir, et que ma besongne le me permettra.
    \
        Facultas, a Celso accipitur pro eo quod vulgo Virtutem in medicina vocant. Force et vertu, Efficace.
    \
        Facultates, in plurali tantum, sunt Diuitiae. Cic. Richesses, Chevances.
    \
        Excutere facultates alicui. Vlp. Faire discussion sur ses biens, à scavoir s'il est solvable.
    \
        Labi facultatibus. Vlpia. Tomber en povreté.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > facultas

  • 4 facultas

    făcultas, ātis ( gen. plur.:

    facultatum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 9, 29 al.:

    facultatium,

    Dig. 32, 1, 78, § 1; Col. 1, 4, 8), f. [facul, facilis; cf.: difficultas, simultas], capability, possibility, power, means, opportunity; skill, ability to do any thing easily (class.; syn.: dotes, virtutes, [p. 719] ingenium, indoles).
    I.
    Lit.:

    facultates sunt, aut quibus facilius fit, aut sine quibus aliquid confici non potest,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 41.—Constr. with gen., ad, ut, inf., or absol.
    (α).
    With gen. of gerund.:

    facultas pariendi,

    Ter. And. 1, 4, 5:

    summa copia facultasque dicendi,

    Cic. Quint. 2, 8:

    sibi facultatem dicendi parare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 49:

    Miloni manendi nulla facultas,

    Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

    suscipiendi maleficii,

    id. Rosc. Am. 33, 92:

    laedendi,

    id. Fl. 8, 19:

    redimendi,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 18:

    facultatem judicandi facere,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 179 et saep.—So with ellipsis of dicendi:

    extemporalis facultas,

    of extemporaneous speaking, Suet. Aug. 84; cf.:

    facultas summa,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 18; id. ib. 6, 29, 5.—With a gen. subst.:

    talium sumptuum facultatem fructum divitiarum putat,

    Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56:

    quod reliquis fugae facultas daretur,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32 fin.:

    Demostheni facultatem defuisse hujus rei,

    Quint. 6, 3, 2: si facultas tui praesentis esset, if I could but meet you face to face, Planc. in Cic. Fam. 10, 4:

    facultates medicamentorum,

    virtue, efficacy, Cels. 5 praef. init.; id. ib. 17.—
    (β).
    With ad:

    ne irato facultas ad dicendum data esse videatur,

    Cic. Font. 10, 22 (6, 12); cf.:

    ad explicandas tuas litteras,

    id. Rep. 1, 9; and:

    ad ducendum bellum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4.— In plur.:

    ingenii facultates,

    Cic. Att. 3, 10:

    multae mihi ad satis faciendum reliquo tempore facultates dabuntur,

    Cic. Clu. 4, 10.—Rarely with dat.:

    si facultas sit alendis sarmentis,

    Col. 4, 29, 1.—
    (γ).
    With in:

    modica in dicendo facultas,

    Suet. Galb. 3. —
    (δ).
    With ut:

    nonnumquam improbo facultas dari, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 25, 71; id. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

    L. Quintius oblatam sibi facultatem putavit, ut, etc.,

    id. Clu. 28, 77; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4:

    erit haec facultas in eo, quem volumus esse eloquentem, ut, etc.,

    id. Or. 33, 117.—
    (ε).
    With inf. (post-Aug. and very rare):

    nobis saevire facultas,

    Stat. Th. 4, 513; 12, 36; Val. Fl. 3, 16; Auct. B. Afr. 78.—
    (ζ).
    Absol.:

    cave quicquam, quod ad meum commodum attineat, nisi maximo tuo commodo et maxima tua facultate cogitaris,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 4:

    urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

    id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

    poëtica quaedam,

    id. Rep. 1, 14:

    facultas ex ceteris rebus comparata,

    id. de Or. 2, 12, 50:

    si facultas erit,

    id. de Inv. 1, 46 fin.; cf.:

    hinc abite, dum est facultas,

    while you can, Caes. B. G. 7, 50 fin.:

    quoad facultas feret,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 3, 10.
    II.
    Transf., concr., for copia, opes, a sufficient or great number, abundance, plenty, supply, stock, store; plur., goods, riches, property (syn.: opes, bona, silva, divitiae, fortunae, copia, vis).
    (α).
    Sing.:

    nummorum facultas,

    Cic. Quint. 4, 16:

    cujus generis (virorum) erat in senatu facultas maxima,

    id. Sull. 14, 42:

    facultas vacui ac liberi temporis,

    id. de Or. 3, 15, 57:

    omnium rerum, quae ad bellum usui erant, summa erat in eo oppido facultas,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 3:

    navium,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 6:

    si facultas ejus succi sit copiosior,

    Col. 12, 38, 8 al.: pro facultate quisque, in proportion to his ability or wealth, Suet. Aug. 29.—
    (β).
    Plur.:

    anquirunt ad facultates rerum atque copias, ad potentiam, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9:

    mutandis facultatibus et commodis,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 15:

    facultates commodorum praetermittere,

    id. Att. 1, 17, 5:

    me tuae facultates sustinent,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7:

    videndum ne major benignitas sit quam facultates,

    id. Off. 1, 14, 42:

    facultates ad largiendum magnas comparasse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 4:

    facultates patrimonii nostri aliis relinquemus,

    Quint. 6 praef. §

    16: Gaius attritis facultatibus urbe cessit,

    Suet. Galb. 3:

    modicus facultatibus,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 32, 2 et saep.:

    Tantas videri Italiae facultates, ut, etc.,

    supplies, resources, Caes. B. G. 6, 1, 3;

    with copia,

    id. B. C. 1, 49, 2:

    ministrare alicui de facultatibus suis,

    Vulg. Luc. 8, 3:

    qui facultates suas suspectas habet,

    i. e. doubts his own solvency, Gai. Inst. 2, 154.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > facultas

  • 5 Fähigkeit

    Fähigkeit, ingenium (die angeborene Geistesbeschaffenheit, [855] Geisteskraft, Talent, Genie, Kopf; insbes. die Fähigkeit zu immer neuen Ideen, der Erfindungsgeist); verb. animus ingeniumque (geistige F.). – sollertia (Geschicklichkeit-, Gewandtheit in Verarbeitung der Ideen). – docilitas (Gelehrigkeit, Geschicklichkeit in der Aneignung von Kenntnissen). – ingenii facultas (ein einzelnes geistiges Vermögen). – die F. zu etwas, facultas mit Genet. od. Adj. etc. (die Kraft und das Geschick zu etwas, z.B. F. zu reden, dicendi, loquendi: u. poëtica); ingenium aptum ad alqd (das zu etwas geschickte geistige Talent, z.B. ad optimas artes): viele (geistige) Fähigkeiten besitzen, ingeniosum esse; ingenio abundare.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Fähigkeit

  • 6 Talent

    Talent, I) als Gewicht u. Geld: talentum. – das große T., talentum magnum. – II) Naturanlage etc.: a) eig.: ingenium (Naturgaben). – indoles (die natürlichen Anlagen). – virtus (die Vollkommenheit, außerordentliche Geschicklichkeit in etwas); verb. ingenium et virtus. – facultas (die Kraft, das Vermögen, etwas zu tun). – ars (jede körperliche oder geistige Fertigkeit, sofern sie sich werktätig zeigt, z.B. artes imperatoriae, oratoriae). – T. zum Reden, facultas dicendi: rednerisches T., ingenium oratorium; virtus oratoria: schriftstellerisches T., ingenium et virtus in scribendo: das T., einen Gegenstand klar auseinanderzusetzen, explicatio. – kein besonderes T. besitzen, non maximi esse ingenii: ungemein große Talente besitzen, ingenio abundare. – b) meton. = talentvoller Mensch: ingenium. – homo ingeniosus. – homo eximii ingenii od. homo peringeniosus. – ein großes T. sein, ingenio abundare.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Talent

  • 7 Anlage

    Anlage, I) = Beilage, w. s. – II) Anlegung, Einrichtung: 1) im allg.: a) eig., s. Anlegen (das). – b) meton., das. Angelegte selbst, gew. für Gartenanlage: opus (Bauwerk). – hortus (einzelne Anlage eines Gartens). – horti (der ganze Garten, bes. Ziergarten). – die Anlagen einer Stadt, horti publici: neue A. machen, facere nova opera. – 2) der Entwurf, erste Anfang: designatio descriptio (Entwurf, z. B. eines Baues, aedificandi descr.). prima initia. primordia (erste Anfänge). fundamenta (Grundlagen). – dispositio (Behandlung eines Schriftwerks, z. B. eines Gedichts, einer Rede, eines Theaterstücks). – argumentum (das Sujet, der Inhalt eines Schriftwerks). – 3) Fähigkeit zu etw.: a) übh.: facilitas. – proclivitas ad alqd (Geneigtheit, Hang, bes. zu üblen Dingen). – A. zu etwas haben, ad alqd aptum esse (zu etwas passend, tauglich sein); ad alqd proclivem esse. ad od. in alqd pronum esse (leicht in etwas Schlechtes verfallen). – A. (Disposition) zu einer Krankheit haben, obnoxium od. opportunum esse alci malo; patēre alci malo. – b) insbes., das Talent, gew. im Plur. Anlagen:facultas. ingenii facultates (Fähigkeiten). – virtus (das durch eigene Anstrengung und Tätigkeit angeeignete Talent, Ggstz. ingenium). – ingenium, in bezug auf mehrere auch ingenia (die einem Wesen von Natur inwohnenden Geistesfähigkeiten, das Genie, die Naturgaben). – indo les (die natürlichen Anlagen in bezug auf Gemüt u. Charakter, insofern ste der Vervollkommnung fähig sind, der natürliche, individuelle Charakter). – natura. naturae habitus (die eigentümliche Art u. Weise, wie das geistige Vermögen eines Wesens beschaffen ist, die natürliche Beschaffenheit des Geistes); verb. natura atque ingenium (= natürliche A.). – naturae munera (die Geistesgaben als Geschenk der Natur). – naturae instrumenta [129] (Naturanlagen als von der Natur verliehene Werkzeuge zur qeistigen Ausbildung: alle diese Ausdrr. im Ggstz. zu litterae, disciplina). – körperl. Anlagen, corporis dotes; opportunitates habilitatesque corporis. – gute A. besitzen, haben, bonā indole praeditum esse; ingenio valere; naturae muneribus ornatum esse: sehr gute, ausgezeichnete A. besitzen, ingenio abundare; praestantissimo ingenio praeditum esse; in alqo est summa ingenii indoles: mittelmäßige A. besitzen, mediocriingenio esse: es sind A. in jmd. verborgen, latet in alqo scintilla ingenii.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Anlage

  • 8 ad

    ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].
    I.
    As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.
    A.
    In space.
    1.
    Direction toward, to, toward, and first,
    a.
    Horizontally:

    fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,

    the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:

    Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;

    and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—
    b.
    In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,

    Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):

    ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,

    Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;

    ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,

    Ov. M. 7, 188:

    altitudo pertingit ad caelum,

    Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—
    c.
    Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):

    tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,

    Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.
    2.
    The point or goal at which any thing arrives.
    a.
    Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):

    ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,
    (α).
    With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:

    ad Sullam adire,

    id. ib. 25:

    ad se adferre,

    id. Verr. 4, 50:

    reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,

    id. ib. 5, 27:

    ad laborem adhortantur,

    id. de Sen. 14:

    T. Vectium ad se arcessit,

    id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—
    (β).
    Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):

    oratus sum venire ad te huc,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:

    eamus ad me,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:

    ancillas traduce huc ad vos,

    id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:

    transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,

    id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:

    te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,

    Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—
    (γ).
    Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:

    Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:

    in aedem Veneris,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;

    in aedem Concordiae,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;

    2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,

    to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:

    ad Opis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:

    ad Castoris,

    id. Quint. 17:

    ad Juturnae,

    id. Clu. 101:

    ad Vestae,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—
    (δ).
    With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:

    postea ad pistores dabo,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:

    praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:

    in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,

    Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:

    nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:

    de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,

    id. ib. 5, 3:

    velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,

    id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:

    ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,

    in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:

    ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,

    Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):

    has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,

    Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:

    quae institueram, ad te mittam,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;

    and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,

    Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to. —
    (ε).
    With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:

    miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,

    Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:

    ad Veios,

    Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:

    ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,

    Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;

    or when it is joined with usque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:

    magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,

    Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—
    (ζ).
    With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:

    nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:

    Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,

    Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:

    Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:

    ipse ad hostem vehitur,

    Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:

    aliquem ad hostem ducere,

    Tac. A. 2, 52:

    clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,

    Verg. A. 2, 443:

    munio me ad haec tempora,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18:

    ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;

    so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,

    Cic. Off. 3, 24:

    remedium ad tertianam,

    Petr. Sat. 18:

    munimen ad imbris,

    Verg. G. 2, 352:

    farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,

    Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:

    ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,

    Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—
    (η).
    The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:

    nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:

    vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,

    Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—
    b.
    The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):

    via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:

    rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,

    Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:

    cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:

    ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,

    Curt. 3, 9, 10:

    laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,

    id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:

    ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,

    Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,

    vestis ad Seras peti,

    id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:

    si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:

    deverberasse usque ad necem,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;

    without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:

    virgis ad necem caedi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.
    3.
    Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):

    ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;

    3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,

    stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;

    apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:

    astiterunt ad januam,

    Vulg. Act. 10, 17:

    non adest ad exercitum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:

    aderant ad spectaculum istud,

    Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:

    et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,

    Lucr. 3, 959:

    quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,

    at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:

    haec arma habere ad manum,

    Quint. 12, 5, 1:

    dominum esse ad villam,

    Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:

    errantem ad flumina,

    Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):

    pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!

    Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:

    qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),

    Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:

    ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,

    among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:

    neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,

    Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:

    si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:

    villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:

    “Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”

    Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:

    pons, qui erat ad Genavam,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

    conchas ad Caietam legunt,

    id. Or. 2, 6:

    ad forum esse,

    to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:

    ad dextram,

    Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:

    ad laevam,

    Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:

    ad dextram... ad laevam,

    Liv. 40, 6;

    and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,

    at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:

    sepultus ad quintum lapidem,

    Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.
    B.
    In time, analogous to the relations given in A.
    1.
    Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:

    domum reductus ad vesperum,

    toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:

    cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,

    toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—
    2.
    The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:

    ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:

    philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:

    quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:

    ad multam noctem,

    Cic. de Sen. 14:

    Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,

    id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:

    Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,

    id. Off. 2, 23, 82:

    bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,

    id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8:

    usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—
    3.
    Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:

    praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,

    at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:

    admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,

    on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:

    nostra ad diem dictam fient,

    id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:

    ad id tempus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.
    C.
    The relations of number.
    1.
    An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):

    ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:

    nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:

    quasi ad quadraginta minas,

    as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:

    sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:

    cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,

    id. Clu. 40, 110:

    ad hominum milia decem,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

    oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,

    id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:

    occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

    ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,

    id. B. C. 3, 53:

    ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,

    Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—
    2.
    The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):

    ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:

    aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,

    even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:

    miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,

    to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:

    quid ad denarium solveretur,

    Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:

    de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,

    Cic. Lael. 23:

    ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,

    Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:

    naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:

    ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16:

    Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,

    Verg. A. 5, 687.
    D.
    In the manifold relations of one object to another.
    1.
    That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.
    a.
    With verbs:

    ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

    in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:

    numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 1:

    nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,

    that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:

    nil est ad nos,

    is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:

    nil ad me attinet,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:

    nihil ad rem pertinet,

    Cic. Caecin. 58;

    and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:

    Quid ad praetorem?

    id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—
    b.
    With adjectives:

    ad has res perspicax,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:

    virum ad cetera egregium,

    Liv. 37, 7, 15:

    auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

    ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:

    ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,

    id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:

    difficilis (res) ad credendum,

    Lucr. 2, 1027:

    ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—
    c.
    With nouns:

    prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,

    before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):

    mentis ad omnia caecitas,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

    magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,

    id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:

    ad cetera paene gemelli,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:

    facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,

    Cic. Font. 6;

    facultas ad agendum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—
    d.
    In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;

    jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,

    Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—
    2.
    With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):

    columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,

    Cic. Mur. 77:

    taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:

    ad amussim non est numerus,

    Varr. 2, 1, 26:

    ad imaginem facere,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:

    ad cursus lunae describit annum,

    Liv. 1, 19:

    omnia ad diem facta sunt,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

    Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,

    id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:

    ad aequos flexus,

    at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:

    turres ad altitudiem valli,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:

    ad eandem crassitudinem structi,

    id. 44, 11:

    ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,

    with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:

    stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,

    Suet. Ner. 31:

    lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,

    Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:

    canere ad tibiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:

    in numerum ludere,

    Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):

    quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:

    ad unguem factus homo,

    a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):

    ad istorum normam sapientes,

    Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:

    Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:

    exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,

    ad simulacrum,

    Liv. 40, 6:

    ad Punica ingenia,

    id. 21, 22:

    ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,

    Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:

    omnia fient ad verum,

    Juv. 6, 324:

    quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    ad hunc modum institutus est,

    id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:

    ad eundem istunc modum,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:

    quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,

    of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.

    91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,

    Lucr. 2, 281:

    ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,

    to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:

    ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,

    id. Rab. Post. 21:

    aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 51:

    rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26:

    rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,

    id. Font. 36:

    ad vulgi opinionem,

    id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:

    ad instar castrorum,

    Just. 36, 3, 2:

    scoparum,

    App. M. 9, p. 232:

    speculi,

    id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:

    ad navis feratur,

    like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:

    ad specus angustiac vallium,

    like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,
    3.
    With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.
    a.
    The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:

    cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,

    Lucr. 3, 144:

    ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,

    on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—
    b.
    The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,
    (α).
    is done,
    (β).
    is designed, or,
    (γ).
    is fitted or adapted (very freq.), to, for, in order to.
    (α).
    Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):

    venimus coctum ad nuptias,

    in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:

    omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,

    id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:

    cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,

    in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:

    quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,

    id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:

    ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,

    for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:

    haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,

    Sall. C. 13, 4:

    ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:

    paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

    for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—
    (β).
    Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:

    ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,

    id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;

    (in the same sense: in rem,

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):

    ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:

    ad frena leones,

    Verg. A. 10, 253:

    delecto ad naves milite,

    marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:

    servos ad remum,

    rowers, id. 34, 6; and:

    servos ad militiam emendos,

    id. 22, 61, 2:

    comparasti ad lecticam homines,

    Cat. 10, 16:

    Lygdamus ad cyathos,

    Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:

    puer ad cyathum statuetur,

    Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—
    (γ).
    Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:

    haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,

    id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:

    causa ad objurgandum,

    id. And. 1, 1, 123:

    argumentum ad scribendum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):

    vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,

    Cato R. R. 125:

    nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,

    Cic. Brut. 24:

    reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:

    homines ad hanc rem idoneos,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:

    calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:

    orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:

    sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,

    id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:

    homo ad nullam rem utilis,

    id. Off. 3, 6:

    ad segetes ingeniosus ager,

    Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—
    4.
    Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:

    ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:

    ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:

    terra ad universi caeli complexum,

    compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,

    Liv. 22, 22, 15:

    at nihil ad nostram hanc,

    nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.
    E.
    Adverbial phrases with ad.
    1.
    Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:

    ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,

    Liv. 35, 32, 4.—
    2.
    Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:

    nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,

    Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:

    his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,

    Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—
    3.
    Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):

    ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,

    Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—
    4.
    Ad tempus.
    a.
    At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—
    b.
    At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—
    c.
    For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—
    d.
    According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—
    5.
    Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).
    a.
    For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—
    b.
    At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—
    6.
    Ad locum, on the spot:

    ut ad locum miles esset paratus,

    Liv. 27, 27, 2.—
    7.
    Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—
    8.
    Ad summam.
    a.
    On the whole, generally, in general, Cic. Fam. 14, 14, 3; id. Att. 14, 1; Suet. Aug. 71.—
    b.
    In a word, in short, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 106. —
    9.
    Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.
    a.
    At the end, finally, at last.
    (α).
    Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,

    Liv. 21, 8, 10.—
    (β).
    Of time = telos de, at last, finally:

    ibi ad postremum cedit miles,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,
    (γ).
    of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;

    ad extremum agere cum dignitate,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—
    b.
    In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:

    consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,

    id. 28, 28, 8.—
    10.
    Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—
    11.
    Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.
    ► a.
    Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:

    traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—
    b.
    Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:

    quam ad,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:

    senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4:

    ripam ad Araxis,

    Tac. Ann. 12, 51;

    or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,

    id. ib. 12, 8.—
    c.
    The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).
    II.
    In composition.
    A.
    Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—
    B.
    Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.
    1.
    Local.
    a.
    To, toward: affero, accurro, accipio ( to one's self).—
    b.
    At, by: astare, adesse.—
    c.
    On, upon, against: accumbo, attero.—
    d.
    Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—
    2.
    Fig.
    a.
    To: adjudico, adsentior.—
    b.
    At or on: admiror, adludo.—
    c.
    Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—
    d.
    Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—
    e.
    Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—
    f.
    Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ad

  • 9 materia

    mātĕrĭa, ae ( gen. materiāi, Lucr. 1, 1051), and mātĕrĭes, ēi (only in nom. and acc. sing., and once gen. plur. materierum, Lact. 2, 12, 1; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 383), f. [from same root with mater, q. v.], stuff, matter, materials of which any thing is composed; so the wood of a tree, vine, etc., timber for building (opp. lignum, wood for fuel); nutritive matter or substance for food (class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    materia rerum, ex qua et in qua sunt omnia,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 92; cf. id. Ac. 1, 6, 7:

    materiam superabat opus,

    Ov. M. 2, 5:

    materiae apparatio,

    Vitr. 2, 8, 7:

    rudis,

    i. e. chaos, Luc. 2, 8; cf.: omnis fere materia nondum formata rudis appellatur, Cinc. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 265 Müll.:

    (arbor) inter corticem et materiem,

    Col. 5, 11, 4:

    crispa,

    Plin. 16, 28, 51, § 119:

    materiae longitudo,

    Col. 4, 24, 3:

    vitis in materiam, frondemque effunditur,

    id. 4, 21, 2:

    si nihil valet materies,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88:

    in eam insulam materiam, calcem, caementa, atque arma convexit,

    id. Mil. 27, 74:

    caesa,

    Col. 11, 2, 11; cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 17; 5, 39:

    cornus non potest videri materies propter exilitatem, sed lignum,

    Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 206:

    materiae, lignorum aggestus,

    Tac. A. 1, 35:

    videndum est ut materies suppetat scutariis,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 35:

    proba materies est, si probum adhibes fabrum,

    id. Poen. 4, 2, 93: imprimebatur sculptura materiae anuli, sive ex ferro sive ex auro foret, Macr. S. 7, 13, 11. — Plur.:

    deūm imagines mortalibus materiis in species hominum effingere,

    Tac. H. 5, 5.—Of food:

    imbecillissimam materiam esse omnem caulem oleris,

    Cels. 2, 18, 39 sqq.; cf. of the means of subsistence:

    consumere omnem materiam,

    Ov. M. 8, 876; matter, in gen.:

    materies aliqua mala erat,

    Aug. Conf. 7, 5, 2.—In abstract, matter, the material universe:

    Deus ex materia ortus est, aut materia ex Deo,

    Lact. 2, 8.—
    B.
    Esp., matter of suppuration, pus, Cels. 3, 27, 4.—
    II.
    Transf., a stock, race, breed:

    quod ex vetere materia nascitur, plerumque congeneratum parentis senium refert,

    Col. 7, 3, 15:

    generosa (equorum),

    id. 6, 27 init. —
    III.
    Trop.
    A.
    The matter, subjectmatter, subject, topic, ground, theme of any exertion of the mental powers, as of an art or science, an oration, etc.: materiam artis eam dicimus in qua omnis ars et facultas, quae conficitur ex arte, versatur. Ut si medicinae materiam dicamus morbos ac vulnera, quod in his omnis medicina versetur;

    item quibus in rebus versatur ars et facultas oratoria, eas res materiam artis rhetoricae nominamus,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 17:

    quasi materia, quam tractet, et in qua versetur, subjecta est veritas,

    id. Off. 1, 5, 16:

    est enim deformitatis et corporis vitiorum satis bella materies ad jocandum,

    id. de Or. 2, 59, 239; 1, 11, 49; id. Rosc. Com. 32, 89; id. Div. 2, 4, 12:

    sermonum,

    id. Q. Fr 1, 2, 1: materies crescit mihi, my matter (for writing about) increases, id. Att. 2, 12, 3: rei. id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1:

    aequa viribus,

    a subject suited to your powers, Hor. A. P. 38:

    infames,

    Gell. 17, 12, 1:

    extra materiam juris,

    the province, Gai. Inst. 2, 191.—
    B.
    A cause, occasion, source, opportunity (cf. mater, II.):

    quid enim odisset Clodium Milo segetem ac materiam suae gloriae?

    Cic. Mil. 13, 35 (for which shortly before:

    fons perennis gloriae suae): materies ingentis decoris,

    Liv. 1, 39, 3:

    non praebiturum se illi eo die materiam,

    id. 3, 46, 3:

    major orationis,

    id. 35, 12, 10:

    criminandi,

    id. 3, 31, 4:

    omnium malorum,

    Sall. C. 10:

    materiam invidiae dare,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 21:

    materiam bonitati dare,

    id. de Or. 2, 84, 342:

    scelerum,

    Just. 3, 2, 12:

    seditionis,

    id. 11, 5, 3:

    laudis,

    Luc. 8, 16:

    benefaciendi,

    Plin. Pan. 38:

    ne quid materiae praeberet Neroni,

    occasion of jealousy, Suet. Galb. 9:

    epistolae, quae materiam sermonibus praebuere,

    Tac. H. 4, 4:

    praebere materiam causasque jocorum,

    Juv. 3, 147:

    materiamque sibi ducis indulgentia quaerit,

    id. 7, 21.—
    C.
    Natural abilities, talents, genius, disposition:

    fac, fuisse in isto C. Laelii, M. Catonis materiem atque indolem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 68, § 160:

    in animis humanis,

    id. Inv. 1, 2, 2:

    materiam ingentis publice privatimade decoris omni indulgentia nostra nutriamus,

    Liv. 1, 39, 3:

    ad cupiditatem,

    id. 1, 46; Quint. 2, 4, 7.—Hence, one's nature, natural character:

    non sum materia digna perire tua,

    thy unfeeling disposition, Ov. H. 4, 86.—
    D.
    A subject, argument, course of thought, topic (post-Aug.):

    tertium diem esse, quod omni labore materiae ad scribendum destinatae non inveniret exordium,

    Quint. 10, 3, 14:

    argumentum plura significat... omnem ad scribendum destinatam materiam ita appellari,

    id. 5, 10, 9:

    video non futurum finem in ista materia ullum, nisi quem ipse mihi fecero,

    Sen. Ep. 87, 11:

    pulcritudinem materiae considerare,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 13, 2; 2, 5, 5:

    materiam ex titulo cognosces,

    id. ib. 5, 13, 3 al. (materies animi est, materia arboris;

    et materies qualitas ingenii, materia fabris apta,

    Front. II. p. 481 Mai.; but this distinction is not observed by class. writers).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > materia

  • 10 ubertas

    ūbertās, ātis, f. (2. uber), die Fruchtbarkeit, die Fülle, der Reichtum, I) subjektiv = der reiche Ertrag, die Ergiebigkeit, a) eig.: agrorum, Cic.: metalli (einer Grube), Sen.: fluminum, Reichtum an Fischen, Goldkörnern usw., Tac.: eius anni ubertas, Segen, Plin. pan. – b) übtr.: utilitatis, reichlicher Nutzen, Cic.: ubertas ingenii, Cic. Marc. 4 u. post redit. in sen. 1. Ambros. de fug. saec. 8, 48: immortalis ingenii ub. beatissima, Quint. 10, 1, 109. – von der Rede, ub. in dicendo et copia (Ggstz. exilitas), Reichhaltigkeit u. Fülle, Cic.: summa est (sc. in Isaeo) facultas, copia, ubertas, Plin. ep. – II) objektiv, die Fülle, der Reichtum = die Reichhaltigkeit, das reichliche Vorhandensein, der Überfluß, a) eig.: earum rerum, quas terra procreat, vel ubertas vel tenuitas, Cic.: ub. frugum, Cic.: lactis, Plin.: piscium, Iustin.: in percipiendis fructibus, Cic. – b) übtr.: verborum, Quint.: so auch nobis ubertatem ac divitias dabit lectio, einen reichen Vorrat (an solchen Wörtern), Quint.: ub. improborum, Cic.: Plur., ubertates virtutis et copiae, Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 166: copiae ubertatesque verborum, Gell. 12, 1, 24. – / Auf Kaisermünzen des 3. Jahrhunderts gewöhnl. uberitas, s. Cohen méd. impér. V III. p. 441.

    lateinisch-deutsches > ubertas

  • 11 ubertas

    ūbertās, ātis, f. (2. uber), die Fruchtbarkeit, die Fülle, der Reichtum, I) subjektiv = der reiche Ertrag, die Ergiebigkeit, a) eig.: agrorum, Cic.: metalli (einer Grube), Sen.: fluminum, Reichtum an Fischen, Goldkörnern usw., Tac.: eius anni ubertas, Segen, Plin. pan. – b) übtr.: utilitatis, reichlicher Nutzen, Cic.: ubertas ingenii, Cic. Marc. 4 u. post redit. in sen. 1. Ambros. de fug. saec. 8, 48: immortalis ingenii ub. beatissima, Quint. 10, 1, 109. – von der Rede, ub. in dicendo et copia (Ggstz. exilitas), Reichhaltigkeit u. Fülle, Cic.: summa est (sc. in Isaeo) facultas, copia, ubertas, Plin. ep. – II) objektiv, die Fülle, der Reichtum = die Reichhaltigkeit, das reichliche Vorhandensein, der Überfluß, a) eig.: earum rerum, quas terra procreat, vel ubertas vel tenuitas, Cic.: ub. frugum, Cic.: lactis, Plin.: piscium, Iustin.: in percipiendis fructibus, Cic. – b) übtr.: verborum, Quint.: so auch nobis ubertatem ac divitias dabit lectio, einen reichen Vorrat (an solchen Wörtern), Quint.: ub. improborum, Cic.: Plur., ubertates virtutis et copiae, Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 166: copiae ubertatesque verborum, Gell. 12, 1, 24. – ⇒ Auf Kaisermünzen des 3. Jahrhunderts gewöhnl. uberitas, s. Cohen méd. impér. V III. p. 441.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ubertas

  • 12 vis

    vīs, vis, f., plur. vīres, ĭum (class. only in nom., acc. and abl. sing. and in plur.; gen. sing. very rare; Tac. Or. 26; Dig. 4, 2, 1; Paul. Sent. 5, 30; dat. sing. vi, Auct. B. Afr. 69, 2; C. I. L. 5, 837; collat. form of the nom. and acc. plur. vis, Lucr. 3, 265; 2, 586; Sall. ap. Prisc. p. 707, or H. 3, 62 Dietsch; Messala ap. Macr. S. 1, 9, 14) [Gr. is, Wis, sinew, force; iphi, with might], strength, physical or mental; force, vigor, power, energy, virtue (cf. robur).
    I.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Sing.:

    celeritas et vis equorum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 70, 144:

    magna vis eorum (urorum) et magna velocitas,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 28:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis,

    id. ib. 4, 17:

    tempestatis,

    id. B. C. 2, 14:

    venti,

    Lucr. 1, 271:

    solis,

    id. 4, 326 (301):

    horrida teli,

    id. 3, 170:

    acris vini,

    id. 3, 476:

    ferri aerisque,

    id. 5, 1286:

    veneni,

    Cic. Cael. 24, 58 et saep.—
    (β).
    Plur. (most freq. of physical strength):

    non viribus aut velocitatibus aut celeritate corporum res magnae geruntur,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 17:

    nec nunc vires desidero adulescentis, non plus quam adulescens tauri aut elephanti desiderabam,

    id. ib. 9, 27:

    hoc ali vires nervosque confirmari putant,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21:

    me jam sanguis viresque deficiunt,

    id. ib. 7, 50 fin.:

    perpauci viribus confisi transnatare contenderunt,

    id. ib. 1, 53:

    nostri integris viribus fortiter repugnare,

    id. ib. 3, 4:

    lacertis et viribus pugnare,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:

    omnibus viribus atque opibus repugnare,

    id. Tusc. 3, 11, 25:

    non animi solum vigore sed etiam corporis viribus excellens,

    Liv. 9, 16, 12:

    validis viribus hastam contorquere,

    Verg. A. 2, 50:

    quicquid agas, decet agere pro viribus,

    with all your might, Cic. Sen. 9, 27; so,

    supra vires,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22:

    et neglecta solent incendia sumere vires,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 85:

    seu virium vi seu exercitatione multā cibi vinique capacissimus,

    Liv. 9, 16, 13; cf.:

    in proelii concursu abit res a Consilio ad vires vimque pugnantium,

    Nep. Thras. 1, 4 dub. (Siebel. vires usumque).— Poet., with inf.:

    nec mihi sunt vires inimicos pellere tectis,

    Ov. H. 1, 109.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Energy, virtue, potency (of herbs, drugs, etc.):

    in radices vires oleae abibunt,

    Cato, R. R. 61, 1:

    vires habet herba?

    Ov. M. 13, 942:

    egregius fons Viribus occultis adjuvat,

    Juv. 12, 42. —
    b.
    Vis, personified, the same as Juno, Aus. Idyll. de Deis; cf. Verg. A. 7, 432 Serv. —
    c.
    Hostile strength, force, violence, = bia: EA POENA, QVAE EST DE VI, S. C. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5:

    cum vi vis illata defenditur,

    Cic. Mil. 4, 9; cf.:

    celeri rumore dilato Dioni vim allatam,

    Nep. Dion, 10, 1:

    ne vim facias ullam in illam,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 37:

    sine vi facere,

    id. ib. 4, 7, 20:

    vim afferre alicui,

    Cic. Caecin. 21, 61; id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62; 2, 4, 66, § 148:

    adhibere,

    id. Off. 3, 30, 110; id. Cat. 1, 8, 19:

    praesidio tam valido et armato vim adferre,

    Liv. 9, 16, 4:

    iter per vim tentare,

    by force, forcibly, Caes. B. G. 1, 14; so,

    per vim,

    id. B. C. 2, 13; Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4:

    ne id quidem satis est, nisi docet, ita se possedisse nec vi nec clam nec precario possederit,

    id. Caecin. 32, 92; so the jurid. formula in Lex Thoria ap. Grut. 202, 18; Dig. 41, 1, 22; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28:

    vis haec quidem hercle est, et trahi et trudi simul,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 92; Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 20:

    naves totae factae ex robore ad quamvis vim et contumeliam perferendam (shortly afterwards: tantas tempestates Oceani tantosque impetus ventorum sustineri),

    violence, shock, Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

    caeli,

    a storm, tempest, Plin. 18, 28, 69, § 278.—To avoid the gen. form (v. supra):

    de vi condemnati sunt,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 4: de vi reus; id. Sest. 35, 75; id. Vatin. 17, 41:

    ei qui de vi itemque ei qui majestatis damnatus sit,

    id. Phil. 1, 9, 23; cf. id. ib. 1, 9, 21 sq. Halm ad loc.; Tac. A. 4, 13.—
    d.
    In mal. part., force, violence: pudicitiam cum eriperet militi tribunus militaris... interfectus ab eo est, cui vim adferebat, Cic. Mil. 4, 9:

    matribus familias vim attulisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62:

    vis allata sorori,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 679:

    victa nitore dei vim passa est,

    id. M. 4, 233:

    vim passa est Phoebe,

    id. A. A. 1, 679.—
    B.
    Transf., concr.
    1.
    Quantity, number, abundance (cf.: copia, multitudo); with gen.:

    quasi retruderet hominum me vis invitum,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 66:

    innumerabilis servorum,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22:

    in pompā cum magna vis auri argentique ferretur,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91:

    vis magna pulveris,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 26:

    vis maxima ranunculorum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 3:

    argenti,

    id. Prov. Cons. 2, 4:

    vim lacrimarum profudi,

    id. Rep. 6, 14, 14:

    odora canum vis,

    Verg. A. 4, 132; cf. absol.:

    et nescio quomodo is, qui auctoritatem minimam habet, maximam vim, populus cum illis facit,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 44.—
    2.
    Vires, military forces, troops:

    praeesse exercitui, ut praeter auctoritatem vires quoque ad coërcendum haberet,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

    satis virium ad certamen,

    Liv. 3, 60, 4:

    undique contractis viribus signa cum Papirio conferre,

    id. 9, 13, 12:

    robur omne virium ejus regni,

    the flower, id. 33, 4, 4:

    concitet et vires Graecia magna suas,

    Ov. H. 15 (16), 340.—
    3.
    Vires, the virile forces or organs, Arn. 5, 158; 5, 163; Inscr. Orell. 2322; 2332:

    veluti castratis viribus,

    Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 60; cf.:

    vis (= vires) multas possidere in se,

    Lucr. 2, 586.—Rarely sing.:

    vis genitalis,

    Tac. A. 6, 18.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Mental strength, power, force, vigor:

    vis illa divina et virtus oratoris,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 120:

    vis ac facultas oratoris,

    id. ib. 1, 31, 142:

    suavitatem Isocrates... sonitum Aeschines, vim Demosthenes habuit,

    id. ib. 3, 7, 28:

    summa ingenii,

    id. Phil. 5, 18, 49:

    magna vis est conscientiae in utramque partem,

    id. Mil. 23, 61:

    magna vis est in fortunā in utramque partem,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    patriae,

    id. de Or. 1, 44, 196:

    quod ostentum habuit hanc vim, ut, etc.,

    power, effect, id. Div. 1, 33, 73:

    qui indignitate suā vim ac jus magistratui quem gerebat dempsisset,

    Liv. 26, 12, 8:

    hujus conventionis,

    Dig. 43, 25, 12.— Plur. (post-Aug.):

    eloquentiae,

    Quint. 5, 1, 2:

    facilitatis,

    id. 12, 9, 20:

    ingenii,

    id. 1, 2, 23; 12, 1, 32:

    orationis,

    id. 8, 3, 87.—
    B.
    Transf., of abstr. things, force, notion, meaning, sense, import, nature, essence (cf. significatio):

    id, in quo est omnis vis amicitiae,

    Cic. Lael. 4, 15:

    eloquentiae vis et natura,

    id. Or. 31, 112:

    vis honesti (with natura),

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18; cf. id. Fin. 1, 16, 50:

    virtutis,

    id. Fam. 9, 16, 5:

    quae est alia vis legis?

    id. Dom. 20, 53:

    vis, natura, genera verborum et simplicium et copulatorum,

    i.e. the sense, signification, id. Or. 32, 115:

    vis verbi,

    id. Inv. 1, 13, 17; id. Balb. 8, 21:

    quae vis insit in his paucis verbis, si attendes, si attendes, intelleges,

    id. Fam. 6, 2, 3:

    quae vis subjecta sit vocibus,

    id. Fin. 2, 2, 6:

    nominis,

    id. Top. 8, 35: metônumia, cujus vis est, pro eo, quod dicitur, causam, propter quam dicitur, ponere, Quint. 8, 6, 23.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vis

  • 13 quidam

    quidam, quaedam, quoddam u. subst. quiddam, ein gewisser, I) eig., zur Bezeichnung der qualitativen Unbestimmtheit, v. Pers.u. Dingen, die zwar bestimmt als von allen anderen derselben Gattung unterschieden gedacht werden, deren Name oder nähere Verhältnisse aber nicht angegeben werden, weil sie entweder nicht weiter bekannt sind, oder weil man sie nicht genau bestimmen will, a) übh.: quidam leno, Turpil. fr.: Virginius quidam, Eutr.: quidam viri, Titin. fr.: cum sit quaedam certa vox, Cic.: quodam tempore, zu einer gewissen Zeit, Cic. – subst., quidam ex advocatis, Cic.: quidam de collegis nostris, Cic.: neutr., quiddam divinum, etwas Göttliches, Cic.: mit folg. Genet., quiddam mali, Cic. – b) quidam, verb. quasi quidam, tamquam quidam, velut (veluti) quidam, bei Adji. u. Substst. zur Milderung oder Hebung eines adäquaten Ausdruckes, deutsch mildernd = sozusagen, gewissermaßen, eine Art von, ein Anstrich von, hebend = wahrhaft, ganz, förmlich, so recht, sogar, incredibilis quaedam magnitudo ingenii atque consilii, eine, ich darf wohl sagen, unglaubliche Größ, Cic.: qui virtutem duram et quasi ferream esse quandam volunt, sozusagen eiserne, Cic.: munere quodam (gewissermaßen) necessitatis et gravi opere perfungimur, Cic.: omnes artes, quae ad humanitatem pertinent, habent quoddam commune vinculum et quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur, Cic.: ad omnes meos impetus quasi murus quidam boni nomen imperatoris opponitur, Cic.: tamquam stellis quibusdam, Cic.: cum Graeciam veluti tempestas quaedam occupasset, Iustin.: est vallis, quae continuis montibus velut muro quodam ad instar castrorum clauditur, Iustin.: decor oris cum quadam maiestate, Tac. – hebend, novum quoddam genus dicendi, eine ganz neue, Cic.: ebenso grato quodam scelere, Cic.: divina quaedam facultas eloquendi, eine wahrhaft g., Quint. Über die Verbindung quasi quidam od. quidam quasi s. Kühner Cic. Tusc. 4, 11. Beier Cic. de off. 1, 30. p. 67. Stürenburg Cic. Arch. 2. p. 30 sqq. (ed. 1). – II) Plur. quīdam, quaedam, für die quantitative Unbestimmtheit, einige, etliche, quidam dies, Cic.: quaedam quaestiones, Cic.: quidam... alii, Liv. – subst. mit Genet., Macedonum fere omnibus et quibusdam Andriorum, ut remanerent, persuasit, Liv. 31, 45, 7: quidam bonorum caesi, Tac. ann. 1, 49. – / arch. Dat. Sing. quoidam, Plaut. trin. 342.

    lateinisch-deutsches > quidam

  • 14 vis

    vīs, Akk. vim Abl. vī; Plur. vīrēs, ium, f. (v. ἴς, Ϝίς), die Kraft, Stärke, Gewalt, I) eig. u. meton.: A) eig.: 1) im allg.: a) Sing.: celeritas et v. equorum, Cic.: magna v. eorum (urorum) et magna velocitas, Caes. – v. Lebl., v. atque impetus fluminis, Caes.: v. vini, Cic.: v. flammae, Nep.: v. frigorum, Cic.: v. morbi, Nep.: nec ideo ferrum secandi vim perdidit, Sen. – b) Plur. (in der Bedeutung »Körperkraft« vorherrschend, Ggstz. lassitudo, Augustin. de civ. dei 19, 4, 2), vires nervique, sanguis viresque, Cic.: vires adulescentis, Cic.: dare alci vires, Prop. u. Ov.: lacertis et viribus pugnare, Cic.: validis viribus hastam contorquere, Verg.: pro viribus, Cic.: supra vires, Hor. – v. Lebl.: vires oleae, Cato: vires herbae, Ov.: neglecta solent incendia sumere vires, Hor. – poet. m. folg. Infin., nec mihi sunt vires inimicos pellere tectis, Ov. her. 1, 109. – 2) insbes., die gegen jmd. od. etw. feindlich gerichtete Gewalt, der Zwang, die Gewalttätigkeit, Gewalttat, der Gewaltakt, a) übh.: cum vi vis illata defenditur, Cic.: vim facere, Caes.: vim facere in alqm, Ter., alci, Cic.: vim facere per fauces portus, gewaltsam durchbrechen durch usw., Liv.: vim adhibere, Cic.: alci vim afferre, Cic.: alci vim inferre, Liv. epit. u. Suet.: alci vim et manus inferre, Cic.: vitae suae vim inferre, Vell.: per vim, Cic. u.a.: vi, malo, plagis, Cic.: manu ac vi (durch Mord u. Gewalttat), Sall.: vi (durch Gewalt = gezwungen) aut voluntate (freiwillig), Liv. – v. Lebl., naves totae factae ad quamvis vim perferendam, Gewalt, Stoß, Caes.: v. caeli, Unwetter, Plin. – vis est m. Infin., vis est experirier, der Versuch wird zur Gewalt, Plaut. truc. 753. – b) die gegen jmds. Keuschheit gerichtete Gewalt, alci vim afferre, Cic. u. Ov.: vim pati, Ov. – B) meton.: 1) die Menge, piscium magna atque altilium vis, Lucil. fr.: v. auri argentique, Cic.: v. maxima ranunculorum, Cic.: magna v. pulveris, Caes.: odora canum vis, Verg.: profundere vim lacrimarum, einen Strom v. Tr., Cic. – 2) Plur. vires, als milit. t.t., die Wehrkraft, Streitkräfte, Truppen, praeesse exercitui, ut praeter auctoritatem vires quoque ad coërcendum haberet, Caes.: satis virium ad certamen, Liv.: undique contractis viribus signa cum Papirio conferre, Liv. – 3) v. der Zeugungskraft, a) Sing.: vis genitalis = der männl. Samen, Tac. ann. 6, 28. – b) Plur. vires, die Zeugungskräfte = die Hoden, Arnob. 5, 6. Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 1751 u.a. – II) übtr.: 1) im allg., geistige u. moralische Kraft, Macht, Gewalt, Wirkung, der Nachdruck, der Einfluß, v. illa divina et virtus orationis, Cic.: v. ac facultas oratoris, Cic.: v. summa ingenii, Cic.: v. patriae, Cic.: v. magna est conscientiae, Cic.: v. magna est in fortuna in utramque partem, Cic.: quod ostentum habuit hanc vim, ut etc., Cic. – 2) insbes., der einem geistigen Ggstde. inwohnende Gehalt, der Inhalt, die Natur, das Wesen, die Bedeutung, a) übh.: in quo est omnis vis amicitiae, Cic.: v. virtutis, Cic.: vim formamque villaticae pastionis exponere, Varro. – oft verb. natura atque vis (Natur u. Wesen) animi, Cic.: vis et natura divina, Cic. – b) insbes., die Bedeutung, der Sinn eines Wortes usw., verbi, nominis, Cic.: vis, natura, genera verborum et simplicium et copulatorum, Cic.: quae vis insit in his paucis verbis, si attendes, intelleges, Cic. – / Genet. Sing. vis, Ulp. dig. 4, 2, 1. Paul. sent. 5, 30 u.a. ICt.: Dat. Sing. vi, Auct. b. Afr. 69, 2. Corp. inscr. Lat. 5, 837. – Archaist. Nom. Plur. vis, Lucr. 3, 265, u. Akk. Plur. vis, Lucr. 2, 586. Sall. hist. fr. 3, 62 (84). Messala bei Macr. sat. 1, 9, 14.

    lateinisch-deutsches > vis

  • 15 quidam

    quidam, quaedam, quoddam u. subst. quiddam, ein gewisser, I) eig., zur Bezeichnung der qualitativen Unbestimmtheit, v. Pers.u. Dingen, die zwar bestimmt als von allen anderen derselben Gattung unterschieden gedacht werden, deren Name oder nähere Verhältnisse aber nicht angegeben werden, weil sie entweder nicht weiter bekannt sind, oder weil man sie nicht genau bestimmen will, a) übh.: quidam leno, Turpil. fr.: Virginius quidam, Eutr.: quidam viri, Titin. fr.: cum sit quaedam certa vox, Cic.: quodam tempore, zu einer gewissen Zeit, Cic. – subst., quidam ex advocatis, Cic.: quidam de collegis nostris, Cic.: neutr., quiddam divinum, etwas Göttliches, Cic.: mit folg. Genet., quiddam mali, Cic. – b) quidam, verb. quasi quidam, tamquam quidam, velut (veluti) quidam, bei Adji. u. Substst. zur Milderung oder Hebung eines adäquaten Ausdruckes, deutsch mildernd = sozusagen, gewissermaßen, eine Art von, ein Anstrich von, hebend = wahrhaft, ganz, förmlich, so recht, sogar, incredibilis quaedam magnitudo ingenii atque consilii, eine, ich darf wohl sagen, unglaubliche Größ, Cic.: qui virtutem duram et quasi ferream esse quandam volunt, sozusagen eiserne, Cic.: munere quodam (gewissermaßen) necessitatis et gravi opere perfungimur, Cic.: omnes artes, quae ad humanitatem pertinent, habent quoddam
    ————
    commune vinculum et quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur, Cic.: ad omnes meos impetus quasi murus quidam boni nomen imperatoris opponitur, Cic.: tamquam stellis quibusdam, Cic.: cum Graeciam veluti tempestas quaedam occupasset, Iustin.: est vallis, quae continuis montibus velut muro quodam ad instar castrorum clauditur, Iustin.: decor oris cum quadam maiestate, Tac. – hebend, novum quoddam genus dicendi, eine ganz neue, Cic.: ebenso grato quodam scelere, Cic.: divina quaedam facultas eloquendi, eine wahrhaft g., Quint. Über die Verbindung quasi quidam od. quidam quasi s. Kühner Cic. Tusc. 4, 11. Beier Cic. de off. 1, 30. p. 67. Stürenburg Cic. Arch. 2. p. 30 sqq. (ed. 1). – II) Plur. quīdam, quaedam, für die quantitative Unbestimmtheit, einige, etliche, quidam dies, Cic.: quaedam quaestiones, Cic.: quidam... alii, Liv. – subst. mit Genet., Macedonum fere omnibus et quibusdam Andriorum, ut remanerent, persuasit, Liv. 31, 45, 7: quidam bonorum caesi, Tac. ann. 1, 49. – ⇒ arch. Dat. Sing. quoidam, Plaut. trin. 342.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > quidam

  • 16 vis

    vīs, Akk. vim Abl. vī; Plur. vīrēs, ium, f. (v. ἴς, ίς), die Kraft, Stärke, Gewalt, I) eig. u. meton.: A) eig.: 1) im allg.: a) Sing.: celeritas et v. equorum, Cic.: magna v. eorum (urorum) et magna velocitas, Caes. – v. Lebl., v. atque impetus fluminis, Caes.: v. vini, Cic.: v. flammae, Nep.: v. frigorum, Cic.: v. morbi, Nep.: nec ideo ferrum secandi vim perdidit, Sen. – b) Plur. (in der Bedeutung »Körperkraft« vorherrschend, Ggstz. lassitudo, Augustin. de civ. dei 19, 4, 2), vires nervique, sanguis viresque, Cic.: vires adulescentis, Cic.: dare alci vires, Prop. u. Ov.: lacertis et viribus pugnare, Cic.: validis viribus hastam contorquere, Verg.: pro viribus, Cic.: supra vires, Hor. – v. Lebl.: vires oleae, Cato: vires herbae, Ov.: neglecta solent incendia sumere vires, Hor. – poet. m. folg. Infin., nec mihi sunt vires inimicos pellere tectis, Ov. her. 1, 109. – 2) insbes., die gegen jmd. od. etw. feindlich gerichtete Gewalt, der Zwang, die Gewalttätigkeit, Gewalttat, der Gewaltakt, a) übh.: cum vi vis illata defenditur, Cic.: vim facere, Caes.: vim facere in alqm, Ter., alci, Cic.: vim facere per fauces portus, gewaltsam durchbrechen durch usw., Liv.: vim adhibere, Cic.: alci vim afferre, Cic.: alci vim inferre, Liv. epit. u. Suet.: alci vim et manus inferre, Cic.: vitae suae vim inferre, Vell.: per vim, Cic. u.a.: vi, malo, plagis, Cic.: manu ac vi (durch Mord u. Ge-
    ————
    walttat), Sall.: vi (durch Gewalt = gezwungen) aut voluntate (freiwillig), Liv. – v. Lebl., naves totae factae ad quamvis vim perferendam, Gewalt, Stoß, Caes.: v. caeli, Unwetter, Plin. – vis est m. Infin., vis est experirier, der Versuch wird zur Gewalt, Plaut. truc. 753. – b) die gegen jmds. Keuschheit gerichtete Gewalt, alci vim afferre, Cic. u. Ov.: vim pati, Ov. – B) meton.: 1) die Menge, piscium magna atque altilium vis, Lucil. fr.: v. auri argentique, Cic.: v. maxima ranunculorum, Cic.: magna v. pulveris, Caes.: odora canum vis, Verg.: profundere vim lacrimarum, einen Strom v. Tr., Cic. – 2) Plur. vires, als milit. t.t., die Wehrkraft, Streitkräfte, Truppen, praeesse exercitui, ut praeter auctoritatem vires quoque ad coërcendum haberet, Caes.: satis virium ad certamen, Liv.: undique contractis viribus signa cum Papirio conferre, Liv. – 3) v. der Zeugungskraft, a) Sing.: vis genitalis = der männl. Samen, Tac. ann. 6, 28. – b) Plur. vires, die Zeugungskräfte = die Hoden, Arnob. 5, 6. Corp. inscr. Lat. 13, 1751 u.a. – II) übtr.: 1) im allg., geistige u. moralische Kraft, Macht, Gewalt, Wirkung, der Nachdruck, der Einfluß, v. illa divina et virtus orationis, Cic.: v. ac facultas oratoris, Cic.: v. summa ingenii, Cic.: v. patriae, Cic.: v. magna est conscientiae, Cic.: v. magna est in fortuna in utramque partem, Cic.: quod ostentum habuit hanc vim, ut etc., Cic. – 2) insbes., der
    ————
    einem geistigen Ggstde. inwohnende Gehalt, der Inhalt, die Natur, das Wesen, die Bedeutung, a) übh.: in quo est omnis vis amicitiae, Cic.: v. virtutis, Cic.: vim formamque villaticae pastionis exponere, Varro. – oft verb. natura atque vis (Natur u. Wesen) animi, Cic.: vis et natura divina, Cic. – b) insbes., die Bedeutung, der Sinn eines Wortes usw., verbi, nominis, Cic.: vis, natura, genera verborum et simplicium et copulatorum, Cic.: quae vis insit in his paucis verbis, si attendes, intelleges, Cic. – ⇒ Genet. Sing. vis, Ulp. dig. 4, 2, 1. Paul. sent. 5, 30 u.a. ICt.: Dat. Sing. vi, Auct. b. Afr. 69, 2. Corp. inscr. Lat. 5, 837. – Archaist. Nom. Plur. vis, Lucr. 3, 265, u. Akk. Plur. vis, Lucr. 2, 586. Sall. hist. fr. 3, 62 (84). Messala bei Macr. sat. 1, 9, 14.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > vis

  • 17 Libertas

    lībertas (old form, loebertas; v. 1. liber init.), ātis, f. [1. liber], the state or condition of a freeman, a being free, freedom, liberty, freedom from restraint or obligation, [p. 1059] free will, etc.
    I.
    In gen.:

    quid est enim libertas? potestas vivendi, ut velis,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

    ne majorem largiar ei, qui contra dicturus est, libertatem et licentiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 10, 30:

    praecidere sibi libertatem vivendi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

    tabella dat populo eam libertatem, ut, quod velint, faciant,

    id. Planc. 6, 16:

    libertas in ridendo, in plorando,

    id. ib. 14, 33:

    omnium rerum impunitam libertatem tenere,

    id. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    libertas est naturalis facultas ejus quod cuique facere libet, nisi si quid vi aut jure prohibetur,

    Just. Inst. 1, 3, 1.—With gen.:

    feminae omnium rerum libertatem desiderant,

    Liv. 34, 2 fin:

    testamentorum,

    Quint. 3, 6, 84:

    verborum (with licentia figurarum),

    id. 10, 1, 28:

    dialogorum,

    id. 10, 5, 15:

    caeli,

    the open air, id. 10, 3, 22.— Poet. with inf sit modo libertas, quae velit ira, loqui, Prop. 1, 1, 28:

    nec mihi libertas imis freta tollere arenis,

    Val. Fl. 1, 601.—
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Civil freedom, liberty, opp. to slavery:

    Scaevae, servo Q. Crotonis, libertas data est,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31: alicujus libertati parcere, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

    omnes homines naturā libertati studere et condicionem servitutis odisse,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.:

    patriam et libertatem perdidi,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 50:

    libertas paenulast tergo tuo,

    id. Most. 4, 2, 74:

    haruspex his promisit libertatem,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 54:

    aliquem in libertatem asserere,

    Suet. Vit. 10:

    petitur puer in libertatem,

    id. Rhet. 1:

    libertatis condicio,

    Ulp. Fragm. 2, 3:

    favor libertatis,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 21; Paul. Sent. 2, 23, 2:

    libertatem dare,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 200:

    amittere,

    id. ib. 1, 160 sq.—
    (β).
    In plur. (anteand post-class.):

    tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, Quin, etc.,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 70:

    pecunias et libertates servis et ante dono datas,

    Tac. A. 15, 55:

    in libertatibus dandis,

    Gai. Inst. 2, § 228:

    libertatium conservandarum causa,

    Dig. 38, 1, 13, § 1:

    lex (Fufia Caninia) cavet ut libertates servis testamento nominatim dentur,

    Ulp. Fragm. 1, 25.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    se in libertatem vindicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145; cf.:

    in libertatem vindicati,

    id. N. D. 1, 20, 56.—
    B.
    Political freedom, liberty, or independence of a people not under monarchical rule, or not subject to another people (opp. servitus and dominatus):

    aut exigendi reges non fuerunt: aut plebi re, non verbo danda libertas,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 10 fin.:

    aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt: populi Romani est propria libertas,

    id. Phil. 6, 7 fin.; cf. id. ib. 3, 11 fin.:

    in optimatium dominatu vix particeps libertatis potest esse multitudo,

    id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

    et a regum et a patrum dominatione solere in libertatem rem populi vindicari, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

    alicui eripere libertatem,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 28:

    in libertate permanere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

    libertatem accipere, recuperare,

    id. ib. 7, 1 fin.:

    plus communi libertati tribuere,

    id. ib. 7, 37:

    per dolum ac proditionem prope libertas amissa est,

    Liv. 2, 3, 1:

    conditor Romanae libertatis,

    id. 8, 34.—
    C.
    The spirit of liberty, consciousness of freedom:

    dolor animi, innata libertas, prompta excellensque virtus,

    Cic. Sest. 41, 88:

    timefacta libertas,

    id. Off. 2, 7, 24.—
    D.
    Freedom of speech or thought, frankness, boldness, candor (mostly post-Aug.):

    hoc mihi libertas, hoc pia lingua dedit,

    Ov. H. 15, 68:

    vera de exitu ejus magna cum libertate ominatus est,

    Vell. 2, 71, 2:

    quae in aliis libertas est, in aliis licentia vocatur,

    Quint. 3, 8, 48:

    affectatores libertatis,

    id. 6, 2, 16; 10, 1, 94:

    antiqua comoedia facundissimae libertatis,

    id. 10, 1, 65:

    vox honestissimae libertatis,

    id. 11, 1, 37:

    libertas ingenii,

    Sall. J. 30, 3.—
    E.
    Freedom from taxation, exemption:

    aedium,

    Dig. 8, 6, 18.—
    F.
    Personified: Līber-tas, tatis, f., the goddess of Liberty, whose temple on the Aventine Hill was founded by the father of Tiberius Gracchus in the second Punic war; in the atrium of this temple the census-tables were preserved, Ov. F. 4, 624; Liv. 24, 17; 25, 7; 34, 44; 45, 15; Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Att. 4, 16, 14; id. N. D. 2, 23, 61. A statue of Libertas was erected by Clodius on the site of Cicero's house after it was pulled down, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Libertas

  • 18 libertas

    lībertas (old form, loebertas; v. 1. liber init.), ātis, f. [1. liber], the state or condition of a freeman, a being free, freedom, liberty, freedom from restraint or obligation, [p. 1059] free will, etc.
    I.
    In gen.:

    quid est enim libertas? potestas vivendi, ut velis,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

    ne majorem largiar ei, qui contra dicturus est, libertatem et licentiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 10, 30:

    praecidere sibi libertatem vivendi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

    tabella dat populo eam libertatem, ut, quod velint, faciant,

    id. Planc. 6, 16:

    libertas in ridendo, in plorando,

    id. ib. 14, 33:

    omnium rerum impunitam libertatem tenere,

    id. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    libertas est naturalis facultas ejus quod cuique facere libet, nisi si quid vi aut jure prohibetur,

    Just. Inst. 1, 3, 1.—With gen.:

    feminae omnium rerum libertatem desiderant,

    Liv. 34, 2 fin:

    testamentorum,

    Quint. 3, 6, 84:

    verborum (with licentia figurarum),

    id. 10, 1, 28:

    dialogorum,

    id. 10, 5, 15:

    caeli,

    the open air, id. 10, 3, 22.— Poet. with inf sit modo libertas, quae velit ira, loqui, Prop. 1, 1, 28:

    nec mihi libertas imis freta tollere arenis,

    Val. Fl. 1, 601.—
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Civil freedom, liberty, opp. to slavery:

    Scaevae, servo Q. Crotonis, libertas data est,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31: alicujus libertati parcere, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

    omnes homines naturā libertati studere et condicionem servitutis odisse,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.:

    patriam et libertatem perdidi,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 50:

    libertas paenulast tergo tuo,

    id. Most. 4, 2, 74:

    haruspex his promisit libertatem,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 54:

    aliquem in libertatem asserere,

    Suet. Vit. 10:

    petitur puer in libertatem,

    id. Rhet. 1:

    libertatis condicio,

    Ulp. Fragm. 2, 3:

    favor libertatis,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 21; Paul. Sent. 2, 23, 2:

    libertatem dare,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 200:

    amittere,

    id. ib. 1, 160 sq.—
    (β).
    In plur. (anteand post-class.):

    tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, Quin, etc.,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 70:

    pecunias et libertates servis et ante dono datas,

    Tac. A. 15, 55:

    in libertatibus dandis,

    Gai. Inst. 2, § 228:

    libertatium conservandarum causa,

    Dig. 38, 1, 13, § 1:

    lex (Fufia Caninia) cavet ut libertates servis testamento nominatim dentur,

    Ulp. Fragm. 1, 25.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    se in libertatem vindicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145; cf.:

    in libertatem vindicati,

    id. N. D. 1, 20, 56.—
    B.
    Political freedom, liberty, or independence of a people not under monarchical rule, or not subject to another people (opp. servitus and dominatus):

    aut exigendi reges non fuerunt: aut plebi re, non verbo danda libertas,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 10 fin.:

    aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt: populi Romani est propria libertas,

    id. Phil. 6, 7 fin.; cf. id. ib. 3, 11 fin.:

    in optimatium dominatu vix particeps libertatis potest esse multitudo,

    id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

    et a regum et a patrum dominatione solere in libertatem rem populi vindicari, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

    alicui eripere libertatem,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 28:

    in libertate permanere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

    libertatem accipere, recuperare,

    id. ib. 7, 1 fin.:

    plus communi libertati tribuere,

    id. ib. 7, 37:

    per dolum ac proditionem prope libertas amissa est,

    Liv. 2, 3, 1:

    conditor Romanae libertatis,

    id. 8, 34.—
    C.
    The spirit of liberty, consciousness of freedom:

    dolor animi, innata libertas, prompta excellensque virtus,

    Cic. Sest. 41, 88:

    timefacta libertas,

    id. Off. 2, 7, 24.—
    D.
    Freedom of speech or thought, frankness, boldness, candor (mostly post-Aug.):

    hoc mihi libertas, hoc pia lingua dedit,

    Ov. H. 15, 68:

    vera de exitu ejus magna cum libertate ominatus est,

    Vell. 2, 71, 2:

    quae in aliis libertas est, in aliis licentia vocatur,

    Quint. 3, 8, 48:

    affectatores libertatis,

    id. 6, 2, 16; 10, 1, 94:

    antiqua comoedia facundissimae libertatis,

    id. 10, 1, 65:

    vox honestissimae libertatis,

    id. 11, 1, 37:

    libertas ingenii,

    Sall. J. 30, 3.—
    E.
    Freedom from taxation, exemption:

    aedium,

    Dig. 8, 6, 18.—
    F.
    Personified: Līber-tas, tatis, f., the goddess of Liberty, whose temple on the Aventine Hill was founded by the father of Tiberius Gracchus in the second Punic war; in the atrium of this temple the census-tables were preserved, Ov. F. 4, 624; Liv. 24, 17; 25, 7; 34, 44; 45, 15; Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Att. 4, 16, 14; id. N. D. 2, 23, 61. A statue of Libertas was erected by Clodius on the site of Cicero's house after it was pulled down, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > libertas

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  • MISTURA — in Coronis Veterum varia. Harum enim quaedam ex uno, quaedam ex pluribus floribus nectebantur, Prioris generis fuêre, Antinoia, cyliston, iacche, Isthmia, lotina, melilotina, e myrto, e palma, pothos, struthia, tiliacea etc. Posterioris… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

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